Workplace Fairness Explained: How to Build Trust and Organizational Justice

Learn why fairness is critical in the workplace, explore organizational justice, and understand how fair decisions build trust and productivity.

CAREER & WORKPLACE SKILLS

oliver

12/27/20253 min read

Lesson 15: Fairness in the Workplace

Fairness isn’t just a moral ideal — it’s a practical necessity.
When people believe they’re treated unfairly at work, trust erodes quickly. Productivity drops, resentment grows, and turnover increases.

In this lesson, we’ll explore what fairness really means in organizations, the different types of fairness, and how managers and teammates can work toward more just workplaces.

Course Outline: Crash Course Business – Soft Skills

  1. INTRODUCTION: Business Soft Skills – Course Overview

  2. LESSON 1: Why You Need Trust to Do Business

  3. LESSON 2: Defense Against the Dark Arts of Influence

  4. LESSON 3: The Secret to Business Writing

  5. LESSON 4: How to Speak With Confidence

  6. LESSON 5: How to Make a Resume Stand Out

  7. LESSON 6: How to Ace the Interview

  8. LESSON 7: Prepare to Negotiate Your Salary

  9. LESSON 8: How to Become a Better Negotiator

  10. LESSON 9: How to Set and Achieve SMART Goals

  11. LESSON 10: How to Make Time Management Work for You

  12. LESSON 11: How to Make Better Decisions

  13. LESSON 12: How to Work Effectively With a Team

  14. LESSON 13: How to Handle Difficult Conversations

  15. LESSON 14: Understanding Leadership and Leadership Styles

  16. LESSON 15: Fairness in the Workplace

  17. LESSON 16: The Many Forms of Power

  18. LESSON 17: How to Avoid Burnout

Why Fairness Matters at Work

Fairness is one of the fastest ways to gain or lose trust.

When people perceive someone as unfair, they often assume that person is:

  • Incompetent

  • Self-serving

  • Opportunistic

None of these inspire confidence or loyalty.

In organizations, fairness influences:

  • Employee motivation

  • Job satisfaction

  • Retention

  • Willingness to cooperate

The perception that decisions are fair is known as organizational justice.

Humans (and Animals) Care About Fairness

Fairness isn’t just a human concern.

Primatologist Frans de Waal famously demonstrated that monkeys react negatively when they receive worse rewards than others for the same work.

Humans do the same thing — just with emails, performance reviews, and group chats instead of cucumbers.

The Three Types of Fairness

1. Outcome Fairness

Outcome fairness is whether people feel they received what they deserved.

There are three common norms people use to judge outcomes:

  • Need: Resources go to those who need them most

  • Equality: Everyone gets the same share

  • Merit: Rewards go to the highest contributors

Each norm makes sense in some situations — and causes frustration in others.

Because people value these norms differently, outcome fairness is highly subjective.

2. Procedural Fairness

Procedural fairness focuses on how decisions are made, not just what the outcome is.

A fair process has five key features:

  1. Consistency – Rules apply equally to everyone

  2. Voice – People can share their perspective

  3. Accuracy – Decisions are based on correct information

  4. Bias suppression – Personal bias is minimized

  5. Correctability – There’s a way to appeal or fix mistakes

Even when outcomes are disappointing, fair procedures can reduce anger and resentment.

3. Interactional Fairness

Interactional fairness is about how people are treated during decision-making.

This means:

  • Respect

  • Honesty

  • Dignity

  • Clear communication

Interactional fairness often matters the most emotionally.
People may accept a bad outcome if they feel they were treated like a human being.

Bias and Self-Interest

Everyone has biases — especially self-serving ones.

People often support fairness rules that benefit them personally:

  • Parents may prefer schedules aligned with school hours

  • Night owls may favor later workdays

Being fair means recognizing your own perspective isn’t neutral.

Some organizations try bold approaches to fairness, like when Dan Price introduced a $70,000 minimum salary to reduce income inequality — a decision that sparked intense debate.

Fairness isn’t always about pleasing everyone.
It’s about making informed, thoughtful choices.

When Fairness Breaks Down

Perceived unfairness can lead to counterproductive work behaviors, such as:

  • Reduced effort

  • Cyberloafing

  • Sabotage

  • Quitting

Often, these behaviors come from frustration rather than laziness or malice.

Open conversations and clear criteria can sometimes fix these problems before they escalate.

Advocating for Fairness

Not all unfairness is intentional.

If something feels unfair:

  • Frame the issue calmly

  • Focus on specifics

  • Provide evidence

  • Share what you want to change

Fairness improves when people are willing to listen — and when concerns are raised respectfully.

Key Takeaways

  • Fairness is essential for trust and productivity

  • Organizational justice includes outcomes, processes, and interactions

  • Outcome fairness is subjective due to need, equality, and merit norms

  • Fair procedures can soften disappointing outcomes

  • Treating people with dignity is non-negotiable

Next lesson, we’ll bring everything together and talk about how to empower others — and yourself — at work.

FAQ

1. Why is fairness so important at work?
Because perceived unfairness leads to disengagement, conflict, and turnover.

2. Can a decision be fair even if people dislike the outcome?
Yes. Fair procedures and respectful treatment can make outcomes feel more acceptable.

3. Is fairness the same as equality?
Not always. Fairness can involve need, merit, or equality depending on the situation.

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